Tuesday, April 29, 2008

Setting POP Mail Yahoo on Microsoft Outlook XP

If you want to POP your Yahoo! Mail Plus into Outlook 2002 or 2003, here's how:
  • From the Tools menu, select "Email Accounts."
  • Select the radio button next to "Add a new email account" and click the "Next" button.
  • Select the radio button next to "POP3" and click the "Next" button.
  • Enter the following information: User Information
  • Your Name: Enter your name as you'd like it to appear in the "From" field of your outgoing messages.
  • Email Address: Enter your full Yahoo! Mail address (for example, user@yahoo.com).
    Server Information
    Incoming mail server (POP3): pop.mail.yahoo.com
    Outgoing mail server (SMTP): smtp.mail.yahoo.com
  • Login Information
    User Name: Enter your Yahoo! ID (your email address without the "@yahoo.com").
    Password: Enter your Yahoo! password.
    Do not check the box next to "Log on using Secure Password Authentication (SPA)."
  • Click the "More Settings" box and select the "Outgoing Server" tab.
    Check the box next to "My outgoing server (SMTP) requires authentication."
    Click the "Advanced" tab.
  • Under "Incoming Server (POP3)", check the box next to "This server requires an encrypted connection (SSL)". The port number in the "Incoming Server (POP3)" field should automatically change from 110 to 995. If it doesn't, make sure the port number is set to 995.
  • Under "Outgoing Server (SMTP)", check the box next to "This server requires an encrypted connection (SSL). Enter port number "465" in the "Outgoing Server (SMTP)" field.


If you'd like to keep a copy of your email messages on the Yahoo! Mail server, click the "Advanced" tab. Check the box next to "Leave a copy of messages on the server." If you want to delete your messages from the Yahoo! Mail server after viewing them in Outlook, don't check the box.

  • Click the "OK" button.
  • Click the "Next" button on the Email Account Wizard, then click "Finished."

Troubleshooting instructions.
If you followed the above configuration steps, you should be all set. However, if you cannot send or receive mail with your email client, try the following tips.

The Yahoo! Mail SMTP server requires authentication. Make sure you have enabled SMTP authentication. To turn this setting on, follow these steps:

  • Click "Tools," then select "Email Accounts."
    Select "View or change existing email accounts" and click "Next."
    Select your Yahoo! Mail account and click the "Change" button on the right.
  • Click the "More Settings..." button in the bottom-right corner of the Email Accounts window.
  • In the Internet Email Settings window, click the "Outgoing Server" tab. Ensure that the box is checked next to "My outgoing server (SMTP) requires authentication."
  • Click the "Advanced" tab and ensure that you have not selected "This server requires a secure connection (SSL)" under the incoming (POP3) or outgoing (SMTP) port settings.

To control deletion of messages from the Yahoo! Mail Server, follow these steps:

  • From the Tools menu, choose "Email Accounts."
    Select the radio button next to "Edit an existing account" and click the "Next" button.
  • Double-click the Yahoo! account.
    Select the "Advanced" tab.
  • In the Delivery section at the bottom of the window, check "Leave a copy of messages on server" if you want to save your Yahoo! Mail messages on both the Yahoo! Mail server and on your local computer. If you want your messages to be deleted from the Yahoo! Mail server after you have received them in Outlook, do not check this box.
  • We strongly recommend that you enable SSL for both POP and SMTP, as detailed in the above instructions. This will ensure that your Yahoo! ID, password and email messages are transmitted securely between your mail client and the Yahoo! servers. However, if you choose to not use SSL for SMTP, your email client will likely default the SMTP port to 25.

If your ISP blocks port 25 or if you're unable to send email, then you will need to use port 587 when sending via Yahoo!'s SMTP server. To make this change, please follow the directions below:

  • From the "Tools" menu, select "Accounts"
  • Select your Yahoo! POP account and click on the "Properties" button
    Click on the "Advanced" tab
  • Next to "Outgoing server (SMTP), change port 25 to 587
  • Click "Apply", then click "OK" and "Close"

Monday, April 21, 2008

Starting the Installation Windows 2000 and XP

Let's get started installing Windows 2000 and perform the text-mode:

  1. To start installation from the CD-ROM, you can boot from the Windows 2000 Professional CD-ROM. Place the CD-ROM in the drive and reboot the computer. Make sure your BIOS is set up to boot from the CD-ROM drive. When you boot from the CD-ROM, Setup will copy the minimum version of Windows 2000 Professional to memory and start the text-mode portion of Setup. If you have any Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) or Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) devices on the computer, press f6 to install the drivers for these devices.

2. You will come to the Welcome to Setup screen. You have three options from which to choose:

a. You can run Windows 2000 Setup. Press Enter for this option.

b. Repair an existing Windows 2000 installation. Press r for this option.

c. Exit Setup without installing Windows 2000. Press f3 for this option.

3. If the hard disk contains an operating system that is not compatible with Windows 2000, a screen will appear, notifying you that you could lose data if you continue with Setup. You have two options at this point:

a. Continue Setup. Press c for this option.

b. Quit Setup. Press f3.

4. Now you will have to read the license agreement and then choose to agree or to not agree with it. If you do not agree to the terms, then you will not be able to continue with Setup. You can use Page Down to read the entire agreement. To accept the conditions of the agreement, press f8. If you do not accept the terms of the agreement, press Esc key Setup will quit.

5. The next screen will show you the existing free space and/or existing partitions on the hard disk . You will have three options:

a. To set up Windows 2000 Professional on the selected partition, press Enter.

b. To create a new partition in the unpartitioned space, press c. When you select this option, you will have the option of how large to make that partition, or to go back to the previous screen without creating a new partition. Either accept the default size of all remaining free space or type in the size you want for the new partition. Then press Enter to create the partition, or Esc to cancel creating the partition.

c. To delete the selected partition, press d. Be careful deleting any partitions; any files stored on that partition will be lost.

6. After you press Enter to install Windows 2000 Professional on the selected partition, you will come to the screen for formatting the partition. You can choose from NTFS or FAT—NTFS is the default. (Note: If the partition size is larger than 2GB, then it will automatically use the FAT32 file system. Choose the file system to format the partition, and press Enter. Since you are installing Windows 2000 Professional, you should always choose NTFS.

7. A screen will appear, showing the progress of formatting the partition. When the formatting is complete, it will organize the hard disk and then start copying files to the Windows 2000 Professional installation folder automatically without user interaction.

8. Setup will then initialize your Windows 2000 configuration and copy the necessary files to the hard disk for the next phase of setup.

9. The last step for this phase is to reboot your computer. A screen will appear, telling you to remove any floppy disks from your drive, and to press Enter to restart the computer. If you don't respond in 15 seconds, it will automatically restart the computer.

10. When the computer boots up, there will be a progress bar at the bottom that says "Starting Windows.". You can press f8 for troubleshooting options. When the computer boots up, you will be in the Setup Wizard phase of the Windows 2000 Professional installation.

Installing from the Windows 2000 and XP CD-ROM

When installing Windows 2000 Professional or Windows XP from a CD-ROM, you will need to boot the computer from either the CD-ROM or from floppy disks. During installation, you will use some setup wizards guide you through the process. This process is similar to the installation of Windows NT 4.0. The installation of Windows 2000 Professional and XP has four basic steps:
  1. Running the setup program.
  2. Running the Setup Wizard.
  3. Installing networking.
  4. Completing Installation

You have several options to start the installation. On the Windows CD-ROM, you can run Setup.exe to launch the installation. Setup will then run either Winnt.exe or Winnt32.exe, depending on which operating system you are currently running. If you are running MS-DOS or Windows 3.x, Setup will run Winnt.exe. If you are running Windows 95/98 or Windows NT, Setup will run Winnt32.exe. You can also run Winnt.exe or Winnt32.exe directly. The Winnt.exe and Winnt32.exe files are located in the I386 directory on the CD-ROM. You can also start installation by booting from the Windows 2000 Professional CD-ROM or from the Setup boot disks.

Step 1: Run the Setup Program

The first step for installing Windows 2000 Professional is the text-mode portion of Setup, which is very similar to the Windows NT 4.0 text-mode portion of Setup. This portion of Setup copies the minimum version of Windows 2000 Professional to memory to begin the setup. You will have the option to run Setup, repair an existing Windows 2000 Professional installation, or exit Setup. Then you will have to agree to the terms of the license agreement in order to continue with Setup. The next step is to select a partition on which to install Windows 2000 Professional. You can choose an existing partition, create a new partition from free space, and even delete a partition to create free space. When deleting partitions, keep in mind that you will lose all the data on that partition. After you have selected a partition to install to, you will have to decide whether to use the FAT or NTFS file system. Then Setup will copy files to the hard disk and reboot the computer. Exercise 2-1 walks you through the steps for this phase of Setup.

Wednesday, April 16, 2008

Implementing, Managing, and Troubleshooting Disk Devices

With Windows 2000, the device management operations have become a lot easier. The Disk Management tool has been added in the new Computer Management MMC. This replaces the Disk Administrator that was a part of Administrative Tools in Windows NT 4.0. This utility is more powerful than its previous counterpart, and gives us the option of managing and troubleshooting hard drives, partitions, and volumes without restarting the computer. It is even possible to manage disks on remote computers using Disk Management. To access the Computer Management console, right-click the My Computer icon on the desktop. From the drop-down menu that appears, select Manage. This opens the Computer Management console.

Another way to access the Computer Management console is from the Control Panel. From the Start menu, click Start Settings Control Panel Administrative Tools. You will find the Computer Management applet in this window. Double-click it to open the Computer Management console.

The disk management functions are under the Storage snap-in, which is used for common disk management tasks. The common disk management functions include creating, deleting, and formatting disk partitions, and working with basic disks, dynamic disks, and volumes.

Common Disk Management Functions

The Disk Management snap-in of the Computer Management MMC provides a centralized point for performing all disk-related functions. Many of the functions such as working with logical drives and removable storage are also performed within this console. An added feature is that many of the functions can be performed online. This ensures that the computer running Windows 2000 Professional will have fewer power recycles while performing disk- and-device related administrative tasks. This is a welcome improvement from the earlier versions of Windows. The following tasks can be performed using the Disk Management snap-in:

Ø Managing simple, spanned, and striped volumes

Ø Adding disks to a computer

Ø Viewing information

Ø Remote management of disk devices

The Storage snap-in in the Computer Management console

You may notice in the above figure that Windows 2000 includes a new utility called Disk Defragmenter. This was not available in Windows NT 4.0. This utility is useful for analyzing and defragmenting hard drives, and works on both NTFS and FAT volumes. Although NTFS volumes are less prone to fragmentation as compared to FAT volumes, the utility is quite useful on large and heavily used disk drives.

Friday, April 11, 2008

Basic Disks and Dynamic Disks

  • Basic Disks

Basic disks are what we always have been using. This is the traditional industry standard. A basic disk can have primary and extended partitions that make logical drives. The disk is referred to as basic disk when used for traditional basic storage, which is supported by all versions of Microsoft operating systems. For Windows 2000 Professional, it is the default storage type. All disks remain basic disks unless they are converted into dynamic disks using disk management. Basic disks cannot be resized without rebooting the system.

Disk partitions divide the physical hard drive into one or more storage areas used for saving different kinds of data. Two types of partitions can be created on basic disks: primary and extended. A physical disk can be divided into four primary partitions, or three primary partitions and one extended partition.

One of the primary partitions is set as active and is used for starting up the computer. The operating system boot files are located in this partition. An extended partition is created from free space on a hard disk. You cannot have more than one extended partition on a single disk. It is important to note that the extended partitions are not formatted or assigned drive letters; they only work as logical drives.

  • Dynamic Disks

Dynamic disks or dynamic storage are supported only on systems running Windows 2000. Basic disks can be converted into dynamic disks using Disk Management. The dynamic disk can then be used for creating dynamic volumes. A dynamic volume can consist of a single partition, multiple partitions of a single drive, or multiple partitions of multiple physical hard drives.

Dynamic disks facilitate creation of simple volumes, spanned volumes, and striped volumes. These volumes are called dynamic volumes. It is possible to resize the dynamic volumes without having to reboot the computer; however, there are certain restrictions to this. The reboot becomes.

Requirements for Dynamic Disks and Volumes

There are certain requirements for hard drives to be configured or upgraded as dynamic disks. The following points explain the requirements for dynamic volumes:

  • Dynamic volumes need dynamic disks. A basic disk must be upgraded to a dynamic disk before any dynamic volumes can be created.
  • The sector size of the disks should not be greater than 512KB. This must be taken care of while formatting the drives.
  • Removable media cannot be configured as a dynamic volume.
  • The dynamic disk must have a minimum of 1MB free disk space at the end of the drive. If you are using more than one drive as part of a striped set, each drive must have 1MB free at the end.
  • If the boot or system partition is a part of a mirrored set, this partition cannot be upgraded to a dynamic disk.
  • In case you wish to have multiple file systems, you must have multiple volumes. A single volume can have only one type of file system.
  • If you have some disks working as a stripe set, each of the disks must first be upgraded to a dynamic disk. This will enable upgrading the stripe set to striped volume.

Wednesday, April 9, 2008

Format Disc on NTFS of FAT 32

NTFS File

The NTFS file system provides the following features:

Security at the file and folder level This allows you to control access down to the file level.
Disk compression This allows you to compress folders, subfolders, and files to increase the amount of file storage, but will slow access to the files.
Disk quotas This allows you to limit the amount of disk space used by each user.
File encryption Folders, subfolders, and files can be encrypted and decrypted automatically by the operating system.

Active Directory This allows domain-based security. (While Active Directory is technically not a feature of NTFS, it is important to note here that you have to be using NTFS to use Active Directory on the files and folders).

With Windows 2000 using NTFS, you can use remote storage, dynamic volumes, and mounting volumes to folders. These features will be discussed later in the book. Partitions that use the NTFS file system can only be accessed by Windows NT and Windows 2000. However, if you use any of the new NTFS features provided by Windows 2000, you will not be able to access it from Windows NT. For example, if a file is encrypted in Windows 2000, the file will not be available for reading in NT. NTFS is the best choice when security is an issue.

You can use important features such as Active Directory and domain-based security only by choosing NTFS as your file system.

FAT and FAT32

The FAT (or FAT16) file system allows access from multiple operating systems, including Windows 2000, Windows NT, Windows 95/98, MS-DOS, Linux, and OS/2. It is a less-efficient file system with fewer features than NTFS, and does not offer any built-in security. FAT32 enhances the FAT file system by allowing larger partition sizes and smaller cluster sizes. FAT partitions were limited to 4GB. With hard disks commonly larger than 8GB, FAT32 was introduced in Windows 98 to extend the partition sizes. FAT32 is compatible with Windows 98 and Windows 2000. Windows NT cannot use FAT32 partitions.

Many people make the mistake of thinking FAT partitions were limited to 2GB. It is possible to install NT 4 onto a 4 Gig FAT partition. When you are installing NT 4, it will ask you, "where do you want me to install?" it. At that point you can take, for example, two 2GB partitions, and delete one, which will then make a 4GB partition. At that point,, you can format it as FAT, and install NT there.

How do you choose which file system to use on partitions? It depends on how your workstation will be configured. Microsoft recommends the NTFS partition with single boot operating system for computers running Windows 2000. Also, NTFS is the only file system that supports the new Active Directory introduced with Windows 2000. If you want to dual-boot with Windows 2000 and Windows 95/98, then you will need to choose the FAT or FAT32 file system on the first partition. Some new features have been added to NTFS by Windows 2000. For example, if you used the new encryption feature on a file, that file would not be readable when you booted up into Windows NT. When configuring a computer for dual-booting between Windows 2000 and Windows NT 4.0, Microsoft recommends using a FAT partition (not FAT32, because Windows NT 4.0 does not recognize FAT32). This ensures that when the computer is booted up into Windows NT 4.0, it will have access to all of the files on the computer.
Multiboot Configurations

With many versions of the Windows operating system now available, some users will need to have multiple operating systems installed on the same computer. The user can choose which operating system to load. During installation, you can upgrade an existing Windows operating system to Windows 2000, but when you do, you cannot load the existing operating system. When configuring your computer for multiboot operations, consider the following points:
To upgrade an existing Windows operating system to Windows 2000, you must install Windows 2000 in the same directory. To dual-boot with the existing Windows operating system and Windows 2000, you must install Windows 2000 in a different directory so it doesn't overwrite the existing files (Microsoft also recommends that you install to a different partition).
When dual-booting Windows 2000 with MS-DOS or Windows 95/98, install Windows 2000 last, because older operating systems overwrite the Master Boot Record and you won't be able to boot into Windows 2000.
You cannot install Windows 2000 in a compressed drive that is not compressed with NTFS.
All applications must be reinstalled on Windows 2000 when you do not upgrade from the existing operating system. To save disk space, you can install most applications to the same directory in which they are currently installed.
With Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 4 and earlier, NT4 is able to read data on NTFS partitions, but it cannot read files encrypted in Windows 2000.

NTFS partitions, but it cannot read files encrypted in Windows 2000.
Now that we have discussed the different file systems available for Windows 2000, let's test what you have learned so far.


Partitioning Hard Disc

When performing a new installation, you need to decide how to configure your hard disk. The hard disk contains one or more partitions. Each partition is a logical drive and is assigned a drive letter, such as C: or D:. Each partition can use a different file system, such as FAT, FAT32, and NTFS. You can create partitions prior to installation, during the setup process, or after Windows 2000 Professional is installed. During setup, you should only create and size the partition on which you are installing the operating system. You can use the Disk Management tool to configure other partitions after installation.
The partition on which you installed the Windows 2000 Professional operating system files is called the boot partition.

It contains all the files needed when running Windows 2000 Professional. When the computer boots up, the active partition (normally the C:\ drive) is searched for the files needed to load Windows 2000 Professional (Ntldr, Ntdetect.com, Boot.ini). These files load the Windows 2000 Professional operating system from the system partition. If Windows 2000 Professional is installed on the boot partition, then this partition is both the system and boot partition. The partition on which Windows 2000 is installed is called the boot partition. One important fact to remember is that if you delete an existing partition, you cannot access the information that was previously stored on that partition.

Before deleting a partition, if there is any data that you need on that partition, make sure you back up the data. Actually, it is recommended that you back up all of your data before changing your partition configuration.

When creating a partition on which to install Windows 2000 Professional, you need to make sure the partition is large enough for the operating system, applications, and data that will be stored on the partition. To install Windows 2000 Professional, Setup needs at least 1GB of free disk space, with 650MB of free space on the partition on which Windows 2000 Professional will be installed. Also keep in mind that if you are going to configure your computer for multiple operating systems, you need to install Windows 2000 Professional on its own partition. This prevents Setup from overwriting files needed by other operating systems.
Choosing a File System

Once you have decided how to partition your hard disk and which partition to install Windows 2000 Professional on, you need to decide which file system to use for the partition. Windows 2000 supports the following file systems: NTFS, FAT, and FAT32. In most configurations, the NTFS file system is the best choice. The only reason to use FAT or FAT32 is for a dual-boot configuration where you have more than one operating system that can be run on a computer. During setup, you can convert an existing FAT or FAT32 partition to the new NTFS. This allows you to keep your existing data on the partition. If you do not need to keep the existing data on the partition, it is recommended to format the drive with NTFS rather than converting it. This will erase all existing data on the partition, but the partition will have less fragmentation and thus better performance.
The only reason to use the FAT or FAT32 file system is for dual-booting configurations. If you are not configuring your computer for dual-booting capability, you should use NTFS.

Saturday, April 5, 2008

Terms of Networking

This is by no means a comprehensive list of the terms you should be familiar with before you begin to seriously study the Windows 2000 Professional operating system, but ensure that you at least know the basic meanings of the following:
  1. Application A program designed to perform a specific function directly for the user or for another application program. For example, word processors, database programs, graphics/drawing programs, Web browsers, e-mail programs.
  2. Audit The process of tracking network activity.
  3. Boot The process of loading an operating system into the computer's memory (RAM) so that applications can be run on it.
  4. Client A computer or program that accesses the resources of another computer or program across the network.
  5. Device A computer subsystem. For example, disk drives, printers, ports.
  6. Driver Software that allows the operating system to communicate with a device.
  7. Encryption Scrambling of data to make it unreadable so an unauthorized person cannot decipher it.
  8. Group An account that contains other accounts (called group members).
  9. IRQ (Interrupt Request) An electronic signal that is sent to the computer's processor requiring the processor's attention.
  10. LAN Local area network, a network that is confined to a limited geographic area.
    Modem A communication device that modulates and demodulates a signal, converting it from digital to analog for transfer over telephone lines, and back again.
  11. Network Two or more computers connected together by cable or wireless media for the purpose of sharing data, hardware peripherals, and other resources.
  12. Object A named set of attributes that represent a resource.
  13. Paging file A file on the hard disk (or spanning multiple disks) that stores some of the program code that is normally in the computer's RAM. This is called virtual memory, and allows the programs to function as if the computer had more memory than is physically installed.
  14. Plug and Play The ability of the computer operating system to detect and automatically configure devices.
  15. Printer The software interface between the operating system and a print device.
  16. Print device The physical hardware component that produces printed documents.
  17. Protocol A set of rules and procedures used by computers and computer components to communicate with one another.
  18. RAID Redundant Array of Independent (or Inexpensive) Disks
    Resource A part of a computer system that can be shared.
  19. Server A computer that shares its resources with other computers on the network.
    Share A resource that can be accessed by other computers on the network.
  20. TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, the protocol stack of the Internet, and the default network transport protocol of Windows 2000.
    Trust relationship A connection between domains in which users who have accounts in and log on to one domain can then access resources in other domains, provided they have proper access permissions.
  21. User account The information that defines a particular user on a network, which includes the username, password, group memberships, and rights and permissions assigned to the user.

Wednesday, April 2, 2008

Email Etiquette

  1. Think twice about: Thinking twice if will send to All.
  2. Solid and Brief.
    Every person who accept will be able to print in just one page.
  3. Check the mistake.
    Needn't wasting time play around with checking by spelling, punctuation and grammar, but clear mistake check. Use the spell checker if any.
  4. Write The Consignor Name. No one will remember this email address like Warrier@Aol.Com. It is better if writing down name by the end of paragraph. To facilitate to make the signature of email so that will automatically figured in email underside
    The standard is:
    Greeting / yours faithfully,
    Name / Full Name
    E-Mail Address
  5. If replay the email, complete with email content received, completed with your comment. (Use the command REPLY which usually automatically will figure in.
  6. Fill the Subject correctly. Here also suitable to fill with “Urgent” if the message is Urgent
  7. Use the word To or Dear Sirs, This important for multiply email address which you to represent the address with
  8. Good Attachments, limit maximum attachment of about 100 kb if possible. Or make link with the file if there is at everyone folder.
  9. Use * instead of italics. Example: I estimate have meeting on * Monday*. This will be better to emphasis sign compared to block letters.
  10. Don’t use block all letters. Seen to be like screaming
  11. Good example: Don’t Push the red button. IT MIGHT EXPLODE
  12. Bad Example: MEETING NEXT WEEK. CALL WHEN YOU GET A CHANCE